78: 17 Indeed, the Day of Judgment is an appointed time.
78: 18 The day the Trumpet is blown and you shall come in crowds.
78: 19 And the heaven is opened and it becomes gates,
78: 20 and the mountains are moved away and become like a mirage.
78: 21 Indeed, Hell lies in wait.
78: 22 For the transgressors it is a destination.
78: 23 They will abide therein for ages.
78: 24 They will not taste any coolness or drink therein
78: 25 save boiling water and pus.
78: 26 That is fitting recompense.
78: 27 Indeed, they hoped not for a reckoning
78: 28 and they rejected Our proofs totally.
78: 29 And everything We have recorded in a book.
78: 30 So taste! We shall increase you nothing save in torment.
Relationship with the Previous Part
The previous part mentions some proofs of Allah’s ability in creating human beings and this universe with its countless amazing signs confirming the Greatness of its Creator, Allah. Then this part confirms that the Day of Judgment will inevitably take place and that it has an appointed time that will not come early or delay. Allah alone knows when it will happen. It also mentions some signs of this day and that Hell will be the abode of the disbelievers, wherein they will suffer lasting torment.
Tafsir
78: 17 Indeed, the Day of Judgment is an appointed time.
On the Day of Judgment, it will be decided between the truth and falsehood. It will take place exactly at an appointed time that Allah has determined. On this day, Allah will raise people from their graves for reckoning and what follows it, i.e. rewarding the good-doers and punishing the wrongdoers.
78: 18 The day the Trumpet is blown and you shall come in crowds.
Allah will command the angel Israfil to blow into the Trumpet to signal the occurrence of the Day of Judgment. Then people will come out of their graves in crowds and no one will fail to be in the place where they will be gathered for reckoning. Every nation will come with its messenger that Allah sent to it.
78: 19 And the heaven is opened and it becomes gates,
On the Day of Judgment, the sky will be opened. It will be split and cracked and become fragmented parts similar to gates though it was strong without any crack nor split. This indicates that the universe will change completely and its system and consistency will end.
78: 20 and the mountains are moved away and become like a mirage.
The great, firm mountains will be removed away from their places on the Day of Judgment. They will be destroyed and become dust. They will be like a mirage that a person sees in the distance and thinks that it is water though it is not.
78: 21 Indeed, Hell lies in wait.
Hell is the place that is prepared for punishing the wicked people. It lies in wait for the disbelievers so that they cannot escape from it. Hell is waiting for them like a vigilant guard, who lies in wait and no one can escape from him. The intended meaning is to warn the disbelievers and tell them that they will never be able to escape from the torment of Hell and that it is waiting for them just like someone waits for his enemy to destroy him.
78: 22 For the transgressors it is a destination.
Hell is the destination that the transgressors will go to and the abode wherein they will stay forever. It is the only dwelling that they will remain in.
78: 23 They will abide therein for ages.
The wicked wrongdoers will abide in Hell for ages that no one knows but Allah, Exalted be He.
78: 24 They will not taste any coolness or drink therein
78: 25 save boiling water and pus.
78: 26 That is fitting recompense.
In Hell, the wicked wrongdoers will not taste any coolness that may alleviate its heat, or drink that may quench their thirst. The only thing that they will find in Hell is boiling water and pus that comes out of their bodies. This terrible punishment is fitting recompense for their wickedness and their evil deeds that they did in the worldly life. Allah is just and the torment He has prepared for the wrongdoers is appropriate for their heinous deeds.
78: 27 Indeed, they hoped not for a reckoning
78: 28 and they rejected Our proofs totally.
78: 29 And everything We have recorded in a book.
78: 30 So taste! We shall increase you nothing save in torment.
The wicked wrongdoers deserve such a horrible torment because they did not hope for reckoning on the Day of Judgment. In the worldly life, they never thought of the Day of Judgment and that they would be called to account for their sins. They never feared Allah’s punishment nor His anger. Rather, they totally rejected Allah’s proofs denoting His Oneness. However, Allah has precisely recorded all their wicked deeds in a book. The only thing the wicked wrongdoers will have in Hell is torment over torment. It will be said to them, ‘Taste! We shall increase you nothing save in torment.’
Learned Lessons from Surah an-Naba’ Ayah 17-30
• Allah will judge between all creatures on the Day of Judgment and recompense them for their deeds.
• The angel Israfil will blow into the Trumpet on the Day of Judgment. Then people will come out of their graves for reckoning, the heavens will split and become parts similar to gates, and the mountains will be moved away from their places and become like a mirage that a person thinks that it is water but it is not.
• Hell is the destination that the wicked wrongdoers will abide in forever.
• The wicked wrongdoers will suffer terrible torment in Hell. They will find no coolness that may alleviate its heat, nor drink that may quench their thirst. The only that they will drink is boiling water and pus that comes out of their bodies.
• The severe torment that the wicked wrongdoers will suffer in Hell is fitting recompense for their evil deeds and horrible sins.
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