61:1 All that is in
the heavens and the earth glorifies Allah; and He is the Al-Mighty, the
All-Wise.
61:2 O you who believe, why do you say what you do not do?
61:3 Most hateful it is with Allah that you say what you do not do.
61:4 Indeed, Allah loves those who fight for His cause in ranks as if they were
a structure well-compacted.
Tafsir
61:1 All that is in the
heavens and the earth glorifies Allah; and He is the Al-Mighty, the All-Wise.
All that is in the heavens and the
earth glorifies Allah, Exalted be He. Allah possesses all attributes and names
of perfection, and He is the only God who deserves sincere worship. Allah is
the Al-Mighty, and nothing can stand before His perfect will; Allah is the
All-Wise in all His statements and deeds. He manages the affairs of the
creatures with wisdom and guides them to that which brings them happiness in
the life of this world and the Hereafter.
This Ayah denotes that glorifying and praising Allah at all times is
recommended and that these acts are among the best deeds.
61:2 O you who believe, why do you say what you do not
do?
O you who believe, why do you say what
you do not do? Why do you utter statements that contradict your deeds? You say
that if you were commanded to do certain things, you would do them; however,
when you were commanded to do them, you failed to fulfill your promises.
This Ayah implies a warning to those who promise to do certain things but fail
to fulfill them.
The interrogation in the Ayah is for reproach and criticism.
61:3 Most hateful it is with Allah that you say what
you do not do.
O believers, it is most hateful with
Allah that you say what you do not do. Indeed, failing to fulfill one’s
promises indicates selfishness and carelessness regarding the rights and time
of others. It also leads to distrust among individuals.
This Ayah clearly states that Allah hates that a person willingly fails to
fulfill his promises.
Abdul Allah bin Abbas, may Allah be
pleased with them, said:
‘[61:2 O you who believe, why do you say what you do not do?] Some believers
used to say before fighting for the sake of Allah was made compulsory on the
believers, “We hope that Allah informs us of the most beloved deeds to Him, so
that we shall perform them.” Then, Allah told His Messenger Muhammad that the
most beloved deeds to Him were belief in the firm Oneness of Allah, and
fighting those who disobey Allah and do not believe in His Oneness. Then, when
fighting for the sake of Allah was made compulsory, some believers disliked
that and found it difficult. Then, Allah said, [61:2 O you who believe, why do
you say what you do not do?]’
Qatada said:
‘[61:2 O you who believe, why do you say what you do not do?] I was told that
this Ayah was revealed concerning fighting for the sake of Allah. Some men used
to say, “I fought and did such and such,” while he did not do anything. Thus,
Allah strongly admonished them regarding that matter.’
In sum, Allah, Exalted be He,
criticizes those who say things that they do not do. Lying in speech falls
under this censure, as do breaking promises and the love of praise without
performing anything that deserves such praise.
After mentioning those whom Allah
dislikes, the Surah then refers to those whom Allah loves.
61:4 Indeed, Allah
loves those who fight for His cause in ranks as if they were a structure
well-compacted.
Indeed, Allah, Exalted be He, loves
those who fight for His cause in ranks, as if they were a well-compacted
structure in their firmness, unity, and truthfulness; thus, no one can
infiltrate among them.
The intended meaning is to praise those who firmly fight for the sake of Allah.
It also indicates an instruction to the believers regarding how they should
behave when fighting the enemies of Islam.
The Learned Lessons from Surah As-Saff Ayat 1–4
- The fact that all that is in the
heavens and the earth glorifies Allah indicates that it is obligatory to
worship Allah alone and that He possesses all names and attributes of
perfection.
- One should do what he says he will
do, provided that the matter is lawful.
- Breaking promises is blameworthy.
- Allah, Exalted be He, loves those
who fight firmly for His sake, which indicates that it is obligatory to be
resolute and determined when fighting for the sake of Allah. Moreover, it
is impermissible to leave the battlefield except in the presence of
justifiable reasons.
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