Name of Surah Abasa
This surah is called Abasa ‘the Frowned’ because it mentions ‘abasa’ translated into ‘frowned’ in the beginning. Surah Abasa was revealed in Mecca and it contains forty-two ayah.
80: 1 He frowned and turned away
Main Theme of Surah Abasa
Surah Abasa discusses some matters related to the creed. It refers to some proofs confirming Allah’s Oneness and ability in creating man and plants. It also mentions some horrors of the Day of Judgment.
Relationship between Surah Abasa and Surah an-Nazi’at
There is a relationship between surah an-Nazi’at, which comes before surah Abasa according to the arrangement of the written copy of the Quran. At the end of surah an-Nazi’at, it is mentioned that Allah sent Messenger Muhammad to warn those who fear the occurrence of the Day of Judgment. Surah Abasa mentions who will benefit from the warning. Besides, topics discussed in both surahs are similar, namely, they speak about the occurrence of the Day of Judgment and its horrors.
Topics Discussed in Surah Abasa
• Like all surahs revealed in Mecca, surah Abasa discusses matters related to the Islamic creed, Messengership, and sound ethics that are based on equality between people without any discrimination between the rich and the poor, and the powerful and the weak.
• Surah Abasa begins by mentioning the story of Messenger Muhammad and the blind man, Abdul Allah ibn Umm Makutum. This man came to Messenger Muhammad and asked him to teach him while the Messenger was busy inviting some leaders of the disbelievers to Islam. As he was blind, he could not see that Messenger Muhammad was busy; thus, he kept on asking him to teach him, which caused Messenger Muhammad to frown at him. Thus, Allah, Exalted be He, mildly reprimanded Messenger Muhammad for his conduct. Then the ayat mention that the Quran is a reminder for those who understand and fear the warning.
80: 1 He frowned and turned away
80: 2 because the blind man came to him.
• After that surah, Abasa strongly criticizes man for his ungratefulness to Allah as he disbelieves in Allah’s Oneness and rejects following the path that pleases Him.
80: 17 Cursed be man! How ungrateful he is!
80: 18 From what thing did He create him?
80: 19 From a drop of fluid He created him and then fashioned him in due proportion.
• Then, the surah mentions some proofs confirming Allah’s ability by referring to the amazing creation of man and providing him with food that comes from different kinds of plants.
80: 24 Let man consider his food.
80: 25 We poured down water in abundance,
80: 26 then We split the earth, a proper splitting.
• Finally, surah Abasa mentions some horrors of the Day of Judgment and that people will be divided into two groups then, happy and miserable ones.
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