Seeking Protection ‘Isti’adha’
An aspect of Allah’s mercy on Messenger Muhammad’s nation is that He has guided them to what brings them happiness in this world and the Hereafter. He has taught them how to seek beneficial things and counter harmful things. Satan is the greatest enemy of man. Therefore, Allah has taught Muslims how to protect themselves and their descendants from its evils. Allah has guided Muslims to seek protection from Satan’s evils by saying the ‘isti’adha.’ It is a prayer that is said to ward off Satan’s evils.
Q 7:200 If a provocation from Satan should provoke you, seek refuge in Allah; He is the All-Hearing, the All-Seeing.
A believer should seek protection from Satan’s evils when reciting the Quran to avoid all evil suggestions and temptation of Satan that may occur when reciting the Quran.
Q. 16:98 When you want to recite the Quran, seek refuge in Allah from the accursed Satan.
Q. 16:99 Indeed, he has no authority over those who believe and rely on their Lord.
Q. 16:100 His authority is only over those who take him as an ally and those who, because of him, worship other gods besides Allah.
Surah al-Fatihah is the only surah of the Quran that Islam has commanded Muslims to recite in every prayer and every raka’ ‘a unit or part of a prayer.’ Thus, its memorization has become easy for every believer.
Names of Surah al-Fatihah
When something has many names, it denotes its nobility. Surah al-Fatihah has many names, some of which are confirmed by authentic reports and some are inferred from what has been said about it.
Al-Fatihah (The Opening of the Book)
Abdul-Allah bin Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that while Gabriel was sitting with Prophet Muhammad, he heard a creaking sound above him. He lifted his head and said, ‘This is a gate opened in heaven today that had never been opened before.’ Then an angel descended through it. He said, ‘This is an angel, who came down to the earth and he had never come down before.’ Then the angel greeted Prophet Muhammad and said, ‘Rejoice at two lights that you have been given, which they were not given to any prophet before you. They are the Opening of the Book and the concluding Ayat of surah al-Baqarah. You will not recite a letter therefrom, but you will be rewarded for it [Sahih Muslim].’
The Mother of the Book
Surah al-Fatihah is called the mother of the Book because it is the first surah written in the Quran and it is recited at the beginning of every prayer. Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that Messenger Muhammad said, ‘[All praise is to Allah, the Lord of the worlds.] the Opening of the Quran, the mother of the Book, and the seven oft-repeated Ayat [Sunan abu Dawood].’ It is called so because it mentions the goals of the Quran, which are mentioned in detail throughout the Quran. It also contains praise of Allah as He deserves, commanding to worship Him by obeying His commands and avoiding His prohibitions, promise of reward for the righteous and warning of punishment to the wrongdoers, most of the theoretical concepts and practical rules of the Quran in general, and the abode of the righteous and the wrongdoers.
The Mother of the Quran
Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that Messenger Muhammad said, ‘The Mother of the Quran is the seven oft-repeated Ayat and the Great Quran [Sahih al-Bukhari].’
The Seven Oft-Repeated Ayat
Sa’id bin al-Mu’alla reported that Messenger Muhammad said, ‘I shall teach you the greatest surah in the Quran before you leave the mosque.’ Then he held my hand. When he was about to go out of the mosque, I said, ‘Have you not told me that you would teach me the greatest surah in the Quran?’ Messenger Muhammad said, ‘[All praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the worlds.] It is the seven oft-repeated ayat and the great Quran that I have been given [Sahih al-Bukhari].’ It is said that surah al-Fatihah is called the seven oft-repeated Ayat because it is repeated in every prayer and recited in every raka’.
The Noble Quran: Tafsir of Surah al-Fatihah [Part 2]
Learn English Translation and Tafsir of Surah Al-Humazah
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