Name
of the Surah
This Surah is called At-Talaq (The
Divorce) because it discusses the rules related to divorce and the waiting
period of the divorcee. It begins by addressing Messenger Muhammad:
65:1 O Prophet, when
you divorce women, divorce them during the purity period and calculate the
period,
Relationship
between Surah At-Taghabun and Surah At-Talaq
Surah At-Talaq comes after Surah
At-Taghabun in the written copy of the Quran. Surah At-Taghabun mentions that
one's wife and children may become enemies to him, which may lead to divorce
and refraining from spending on one's children. Therefore, Surah At-Talaq
addresses the rules related to divorce and spending on the divorcee and the
children.
Surah At-Taghabun also refers to the
perfect knowledge of Allah and that He knows the seen and the unseen. Likewise,
Surah At-Talaq refers to the perfect knowledge of Allah with regard to the
interests of women and the rules related to their divorce.
Most
Important Topics Discussed in the Surah
As Surah At-Talaq was revealed in
Al-Madinah, it discusses Islamic rulings regulating family affairs before and
after divorce.
Surah At-Talaq begins by explaining the
rules concerning divorce in accordance with Islamic law. Specifically:
- Divorce must take place during the
purity period of the divorcee.
- In other words, divorce should
take place after the divorcee has completed her menstruation and entered
the period of purity. At that point, the divorce may take place, and the
calculation of the waiting period may begin.
- The Surah also emphasizes that
fear of Allah must be observed at all times, especially when spouses are
about to end their marital relationship.
- Furthermore, the Surah commands
husbands either to continue the marital relationship with kindness or to
divorce their wives with kindness.
- It also highlights that fear of
Allah and reliance upon Him should be maintained at all times.
65:1 O Prophet, when
you divorce women, divorce them during the purity period and calculate the
period, and fear Allah, your Lord. Do not drive them out of their homes nor
should they leave unless they clear commit immoral conduct. These are the
limits set by Allah and whoever transgresses the limits set by Allah – he has
wronged himself. You do not know that may Allah bring about something.
The Surah then explains the waiting
periods for different categories of women:
- A woman who has reached menopause
has a waiting period of three months.
- A young woman who has not reached
the age of puberty also has a waiting period of three months.
- A pregnant woman remains in her
waiting period until she gives birth.
65:4 And those of
your women, who have passed the age of menstruation, if you are unsure, their
waiting period is three months and those who have not menstruated too, and the
pregnant, their waiting period, is until they give birth. And whoever fears
Allah, Allah will make his affair easy for him.
As the rules related to the waiting
period of women are mentioned, the Surah also addresses the rules concerning
spending and housing during the waiting period, the payment for suckling, and
the determination of appropriate compensation in such situations. The
discussion of these rulings is accompanied by repeated commands to fear Allah
so that wrongdoing does not occur.
65:6 Let them dwell
where you dwell according to your means, and do not harass them to straiten
their conditions. If they are pregnant, then spend on them until they give
birth to their babies. And if they suckle your child, give them their
compensation. And you should advise one another honorably and if you have a
disagreement, then another woman may suckle for him.
Finally, Surah At-Talaq concludes by
warning against violating the rules of divorce and transgressing the limits set
by Allah, Exalted be He. It also threatens wrongdoers with a punishment similar
to that which befell the former nations that transgressed the limits set by
Allah. Furthermore, the command to fear Allah at all times is repeated.
The Surah also states that reciting the
revelation of Allah to bring the believers out of darkness into light is the
duty of Messenger Muhammad. It further refers to the great reward for believing
in the Oneness of Allah and performing righteous deeds for His sake.
Finally, the Surah presents conclusive
evidence confirming the comprehensive power and knowledge of Allah by referring
to the creation of the seven heavens and the seven earths, as well as the
descent of the revelation and command of Allah throughout the heavens and the
earth.
65:8 How many a town
insolently disobeyed the command of its Lord and His Messengers; and then We
called it to a severe reckoning and punished it with a horrible punishment.
65:9 So it tasted the
evil consequence of its affair and the end of its affair was loss.
65:12 It is Allah,
Who created seven heavens and of the earth their like, between them the command
descends, that you may know that Allah has power over all things and that Allah
has encompasses all things with knowledge.
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