Do not think that Allah will ever break His promise to His messengers. Indeed, Allah is All-Mighty, All-Able of Retribution. [Q 14:47]
On the day when the earth will be changed into another earth and the heavens too, and they will appear before Allah, the One, the Supreme. [Q 14:48]
You will see the criminals on that day bound together with chains. [Q 14: 49]
Their garments will be of pitch and their faces will be covered with the Fire. [Q 14: 50]
Thus, Allah will recompense every soul for what it did. Indeed, Allah is swift when calling to account. [Q 14: 51]
This is a proclamation for people that they may be warned thereby, that they may know that indeed there is only One God and that men of sound understanding may learn lessons. [Q 14:52]
Relationship with the Previous Part
The previous part mentions [Do not think that Allah is unaware of what the wrongdoers do. He only delays them for a day when the eyes will stare in horror.] [Q 14:42] Then this part says [Do not think that Allah will ever break His promise to His messengers. Indeed, Allah is All-Mighty, All-Able of Retribution.] [Q 14:47]
The intended meaning is that if Allah, Exalted be He, had not established the Day of Judgment for reckoning, and taken revenge on the wrongdoers for oppressing the weak, it would mean that He broke His promise to His slaves. Sound intellects believe that it is impossible that Allah will ever break His promise. Therefore, the Day of Judgment will certainly be established.
Tafsir
Do not think that Allah will ever break His promise to His messengers. Indeed, Allah is All-Mighty, All-Able of Retribution. [Q 14:47]
O Messenger! Do not think that Allah will ever break His promise to His messengers. He will make them victorious and punish their enemies.
Allah, Exalted be He, told His Messenger Muhammad so to console him, strengthen his will, and confirm that His anger will befall those who denied his message.
[Indeed, Allah is All-Mighty, All-Able of Retribution.]
Allah, Exalted be He is All-Mighty. Nothing is impossible for Him. He will punish the wrongdoers and they cannot escape His punishment.
Indeed, Allah, Exalted be He, is All-Able of Retribution. He will take revenge on all those who disbelieve in His Messengers and worship other gods besides Him.
Allah will never break His promise to anyone. Thus, how could He break His promise to His messengers, who are the best of His creatures? It is impossible. Indeed, Allah will fulfill His promise to His messengers and make them victorious over their enemies.
On the day when the earth will be changed into another earth and the heavens too, and they will appear before Allah, the One, the Supreme. [Q 14:48]
Changing something into another thing may take two forms. First, changing its essence. Second, changing its attributes and shape.
The scholars have two opinions on how the earth will be changed on the Day of Judgment. First, it will be the same earth, but its shape and attributes will be changed, e.g. the size of some parts will increase while the size of other parts will decrease. Second, the earth will be completely changed into another earth. Abdul-Allah bin Mas’ud, may Allah be pleased with him, said, ‘[On the day when the earth will be changed into another earth and the heavens too.] The earth will be changed into a pure ground like silver. No blood unlawfully is shed thereon and no sin is committed thereon [Tafsir al-Tabari].’
After mentioning narrations about how the earth will be changed on the Day of Judgment, Imam Muhammad bin Jarir at-Tabari said, ‘The meaning is that the earth will be changed into another earth on the Day of Judgment. Similarly, the heavens will be changed into other heavens, just as Allah, Exalted be He, said. The earth may be changed into silvery earth, may be changed into fire, or bread. It may be changed into other forms. There is no authentic narration to this effect that we can accept. Thus, there is no true statement, but what the Quran said [Tafsir al-Tabari].’
The meaning of ayah [Q 14: 48] is as follows: O man! Remember the Day of Judgment when this universe will be changed into another form. The earth and the heavens will be changed into other forms. On that day, people will come out of their graves and appear before Allah, the One, the Supreme. Allah will recompense people for what they did in the worldly life. Indeed, no one can overcome Allah. Everything and everyone will be humiliatingly subdued to Him, Exalted be He.
You will see the criminals on that day bound together with chains. [Q 14: 49]
This ayah describes the torment of the disbelievers will suffer on the Day of Judgment. On that day, you will see those who disbelieve in the Oneness of Allah, worship other gods besides Him, and disbelieve in His Messengers bound with chains.
Some scholars say that their hands and feet will be bound to their necks. Other scholars say that they will be bound with the devils and others say that they will be bound with one another [Zad al-Masayr fi Ilam at-Tafsir, ibn al-Jawzi].
Their garments will be of pitch and their faces will be covered with the Fire. [Q 14: 50]
The garments of the disbelievers will be made of pitch. Thus, its extreme heat, ugly view, and foul smell will increase their torment and make it severe. Furthermore, their faces will be cover with the Fire of Hell that will keep on burning their bodies. The face is specifically mentioned because it is the most honored part of a man's body.
Thus, Allah will recompense every soul for what it did. Indeed, Allah is swift when calling to account. [Q 14: 51]
Allah, Exalted be He, will punish the disbelievers such severe torment to recompense them for their sins that they did in the worldly life.
On the Day of Judgment, Allah will recompense the wrongdoers according to their evil deeds. Similarly, He will recompense the righteous according to their good deeds.
[Indeed, Allah is swift when calling to account.]
Allah knows what every person has done in the worldly life. Therefore, He does not need time to count people’s deeds. Allah will swiftly count their deeds and call them to account without any delay. Indeed, His knowledge is comprehensive. He will recompense every person according to his deeds.
This is a proclamation for people that they may be warned thereby, that they may know that indeed there is only One God and that men of sound understanding may learn lessons. [Q 14:52]
[This is a proclamation for people that they may be warned thereby.]
This Quran that Allah, Exalted be He, revealed to Messenger Muhammad is a clear proclamation for all people to guide them to the straight path, Islam. It warns them of the torment that will befall them if they insist on disbelief in Allah’s Oneness and His Messengers.
[…that they may know that indeed there is only One God.]
The Quran contains proofs denoting that Allah is One and that He alone owns all that on earth and the heavens.
[…and that men of sound understanding may learn lessons.]
The Quran has admonitions whereby those endowed with sound understanding may learn lessons that will help them to attain happiness in the worldly life and the Hereafter.
Those who endowed with sound understanding have been specifically mentioned because they are the ones who can benefit from the guidance of the Quran.
Learned Lessons from Surah Ibrahim Ayah: 47-52
• Allah, Exalted be He, will fulfill His promise to His messengers. He will make them victorious over their enemies. Indeed, Allah is All-Mighty and He will take revenge on His enemies.
• The earth and the heavens will be changed into other forms on the Day of Judgment.
• The torment of the disbelievers will be severe on the Day of Judgment. They will be bound with chains. Their garments will be made of pitch and the fire will burn their bodies and cover their faces.
• On the Day of Judgment, Allah will justly recompense people for their deeds that they did in the worldly life.
• The Quran contains admonitions, warnings, and lessons for those endowed with sound intellect.
• Nothing distinguish man from other creatures except that he has the intellect whereby he can distinguish the right path from the path of misguidance.
• There is a relationship between the beginning and the end of this Surah. At the beginning of the surah, Allah says that the purpose of revealing the Quran is to bring people out of the darknesses of disbelief into the light of belief in Allah. At the end of the surah, Allah says that lessons and admonitions are mentioned in the Quran to guide people so that people may follow the path of guidance and belief in Allah.
Tafsir Surah Ibrahim, Tafsir Ibn Kathir
English Translation of Surah Ibrahim
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