English Translation and Tafsir of Surah Ash-Shams Ayah 11-15
91:11 Thamud rejected their Prophet because of their transgression,
91:12 when the most wretched of them rose.
91:13 Then their Messenger said to them, ‘Beware! It is the she-camel of Allah and her drink!’
91:14 But they rejected him, and slaughtered her, so their Lord destroyed them for their sin, and leveled it.
91:15 And He fears not the consequence thereof.
Relationship with the Previous Part
In the previous part, Allah swears by some great creatures that whoever purifies his soul by obeying His commands and avoiding His prohibitions, will be successful, and whoever corrupts his soul by disobeying Allah’s commands, will lose. Then, it is mentioned the horrible end of the people of Thamud, who disobeyed their Messenger Saleh and rejected to believe in Allah’s Oneness. They were destroyed. Their end should be a lesson for the disbelievers from which they should learn that the end of disobeying Allah’s commands is loss and failure.
Tafsir
91:11 Thamud rejected their Prophet because of their transgression,
Thamud is the tribe to which Allah sent His Messenger Saleh to invite its people to worship Allah alone.
The people of Thamud rejected their Prophet Saleh and refused to accept his invitation to believe in Allah’s Oneness because of their transgression, extreme stubbornness, and arrogance.
91:12 when the most wretched of them rose.
The people of Thamud rejected their Prophet Saleh when the most wretched of them rose to slaughter the she-camel that Allah sent to them. He was determined to slaughter it because of his disbelief in Allah’s Oneness and his extreme wretchedness.
91:13 Then their Messenger said to them, ‘Beware! It is the she-camel of Allah and her drink!’
Messenger Saleh warned his people of touching the she-camel with any harm. He said to them, ‘Beware! This is the she-camel of Allah. Beware not to prevent her from drinking at the time appointed for her. It has a specific day for drinking water, on which you must not drink; rather, you should drink on the day that is appointed for you.’ Messenger Saleh said so when he felt that his people had the intention to slaughter the she-camel.
The she-camel is called the she-camel of Allah to honor her because Allah sent it as evidence of the truthfulness of Messenger Saleh.
In sum, Messenger Saleh warned his people of doing any harm to the she-camel and sharing drinking water with her on the day appointed for her.
91:14 But they rejected him, and slaughtered her, so their Lord destroyed them for their sin, and leveled it.
91:15 And He fears not the consequence thereof.
The ayah mentions the insolent attitude of the people of Thamud towards the warning of their Messenger Saleh that they must not do any harm to the she-camel or drink water on the day appointed for her. The result of which was a severe punishment.
The people of Thamud rejected to obey their Messenger Saleh and ignored his warning. They insisted on their disbelief in Allah’s Oneness and transgression. They insolently slaughtered the she-camel that Allah sent them as a miracle confirming the truthfulness of Messenger Saleh. The wickedest among them slaughtered the she-camel at the instigation of his people, which was a proof of their disbelief in their Messenger Saleh and evidence of his truthfulness though he warned them of Allah’s punishment if they slaughtered her.
Thus, Allah’s punishment befell them. Allah destroyed them. He sent them a terrible cry from heaven and made the earth strongly shake beneath them, which leveled it. Thus, they all were buried under the dust and died. On the other hand, Allah saved Messenger Saleh and the believers by His mercy and bounty.
Indeed, Allah never fears the consequences of any punishment that He sends against the wrongdoers. Indeed, Allah never fears the consequences of the punishment that He sent against the disbelievers among the people of Messenger Saleh.
Allah, the Creator, is never asked why He does something or why He does not do something, but the created beings will be asked about the reason for their deeds and statements.
Learned Lessons from Surah Ash-Shams Ayah 11-15
• The tribe of Thamud rejected to believe in their Messenger Saleh, whom Allah sent to invite them to worship Allah alone and avoid worshipping other gods besides Him.
• Messenger Saleh warned his people of touching with any harm the she-camel that Allah sent them as a miracle confirming his truthfulness and not drinking with her on the day appointed for her. However, they disobeyed him. They slaughtered the she-camel whereby they deserved Allah’s severe punishment.
• Allah is Able. He punishes the disbelievers severely and He never fears the consequence of His punishment.
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