Name of the Surah
This surah is called surah An-Nas because it begins with ‘Say I seek refuge in the Lord of An-Nas, namely, men.’ The word ‘An-Nas’ is repeated five times in this surah. Surah An-Nas was revealed in Makkah. It contains six ayat and it is the last surah in al-Mushaf, the written copy of the Quran.
Relationship between Surah An-Nas and Al-Falaq
Surah Al-Falaq speaks about seeking refuge in Allah from all evils that are found in all places and times. It also mentions especially seeking refuge in Allah from the evil of the witches and the enviers. Thus, it refers to afflictions that are caused by fellow human beings and other creatures. Since the foundation of enmity between men and the jinn is envy, surah An-Nas speaks about seeking refuge in Allah from specific evil, who is the greatest enemy to man, namely, Satan. He does his best to deceive men and make them disobey Allah, Exalted be He.
Most Important Topics Discussed in Surah An-Nas
Surah An-Nas speaks about seeking refuge in the Lord and King of men, Allah, from the evil of Satan and his soldiers, who whisper in the souls of men to cause them to commit sins.
English Translation of Surah An-Nas
Revealed in Makkah, Contains 6 Ayah
Bism-Allah ar-Rahman ar-Rahim
In the Name of Allah, the Giver of Mercy, the Most Merciful
114:1 Say, ‘I seek refuge in the Lord of men,
114:2 the King of men,
114:3 the God of men,
114:4 from the evil of the sneaking whisperer,
114:5 who whispers in the breasts of men,
114:6 and from the jinn and men.’
Tafsir
114:1 Say, ‘I seek refuge in the Lord of men,
114:2 the King of men,
114:3 the God of men,
O noble Messenger Muhammad, ‘Say I seek refuge in the Lord of men, Allah. He is their Lord, who manages and takes care of all their affairs. Allah is the King of men, who has complete authority over them. They can never escape from His dominion. The true God, who deserves sincere worship, is Allah. All creatures must submit to Him and obey His commands because He created them and bestowed His blessings on them.
The Lord, the King, and the God are specifically added to men to honor them and show that men are wrong by worshipping false gods besides Allah though He is the only true Lord, King, and God, who deserves sincere worship.
114:4 from the evil of the sneaking whisperer,
114:5 who whispers in the breasts of men,
O noble Messenger Muhammad, say, ‘I seek refuge in Allah from the evil of the sneaking whisperer. I seek refuge in Allah from Satan, who whispers in the breasts of men and entices them to disobey Allah.’
Satan does his best to entice the believers to disobey Allah. He keeps on encouraging them to sin, but when they mention Allah’s name, he departs secretly and moves away. Therefore, the believer should always remember Allah as much as he can to protect himself against Satan’s evil whisper.
Abdul Allah Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them, said, ‘There is no infant, but Satan is on his heart. When he becomes an adult and mentions Allah’s name, Satan will move away from him, but if he forgets to do so, Satan will whisper in his heart. This is the meaning of the following ayah: [114:4 from the evil of the sneaking whisperer,]’
Qatada, may Allah be pleased with him, said, ‘The sneaking whisperer is Satan, and he is also the sneaker. When the believer remembers Allah, he moves away.’
114:6 and from the jinn and men.’
O noble Messenger Muhammad, say, ‘I seek refuge in Allah, the only true God and the King of men, from the evil of Satan, who whispers in the breasts of men, and from the evil of the jinn and men.’
The jinn are mentioned first because they cannot be seen.
Imam Ibn Kathir, may Allah have mercy on him, said, ‘Lordship, Kingship, and Godhead are attributes of Allah. He is the Lord, the King, and the God of everything in this universe. He created them all, and they are His slaves. Therefore, Allah has commanded the person, who seeks protection, to seek refuge in Him by using these attributes to protect himself from the evil of the sneaking whisperer, Satan. There is no human being but has a companion, who entices him to sin and spares no effort to achieve his goal. He, who Allah protects, will be protected. It is narrated in an authentic narration that Messenger Muhammad [peace be upon him] said, ‘No one of you but has a companion, who is assigned to him.’ The companions said, ‘Even you, O Messenger of Allah.’ He said, ‘Yes, but Allah has helped me to overcome him. Thus, he has become a believer. Therefore, he does not command me to do anything except good deeds.’
The whisperer can be one of the jinn or a human being. The one, who belongs to the jinn, whispers in the breasts of human beings and entices them to sin. As for the one, who belongs to men, he pretends to be a lover and adviser to make the listener believe that he loves him.
Learned Lessons from Surah An-Nas
• Surah An-Nas teaches the believers how to protect themselves against the evil of the jinn and men.
• Surah An-Nas mentions three attributes of Allah, namely, Lordship, Kingship, and Godhead.
• Allah will protect those who seek in Him against the evil of the jinn and men.
• Allah is the only true King of this universe and all that is in it.
• The whisperer, who entices to do evil, can be one of the jinn or human beings.
• The whisperer among the jinn whispers in the breasts of human beings, and the whisperer among men pretends to be a friend, who wants to guide his friend to the right path, but he wants to harm him.
The Noble Quran English Translation of Surah An-Nas
English Translation of Tafsir Ibn Kathir
The Noble Quran Surah Yusuf English Translation and Tafsir
The Noble Quran Introduction to Tafsir of Surah al-Balad
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