Name of the Surah
This surah is called Al-Adiyat because it begins by swearing by Al-Adiyat, namely, horses of fighters for Allah’s sake, running to fight the enemy.
Relationship between Surah al-Az-Zalzalah and Surah Al-Adiyat
Both surahs refer to the Day of Judgment and that all that is buried in the earth will be brought out on that day.
99:2 and the earth brings forth her burdens,
100:9 Does he not know that when what is in the graves is brought out,
Surah Az-Zalzalah mentions that man will be recompensed for his deeds, good or evil. In surah Al-Adiyat, he is reproached for denying Allah’s blessings on him and favoring the fleeting life of this world over the lasting life of the Hereafter, which causes him not to be prepared for meeting Allah on the Day of Judgment by obeying the commands of Allah and avoiding His prohibitions.
Most Important Topics Discussed in Surah Al-Adiyat
• Surah Al-Adiyat mentions that man normally denies Allah’s blessings and he acknowledges this disposition.
• Man extremely loves wealth.
• In surah Al-Adiyat, man is exhorted to be prepared for the Day of Judgment by performing righteous deeds for Allah’s sake, and warning of Allah’s severe punishment.
• Surah Al-Adiyat refers to the high rank of those who fight for Allah’s sake and the distinguished status of the horses that are assigned for the sake of Allah.
Surah Al-Adiyat, Revealed in Makkah, Contains 11 Ayah
Bism-Allah ar-Rahman ar-Rahim
In the Name of Allah, the Giver of Mercy, the Most Merciful
100:1 By the chargers, snorting,
100:2 by the strikers, igniting sparks,
100:3 by the dawn-raiders,
100:4 then, raising thereby a trail of dust,
100:5 then, penetrating thereby into the midst of the assembly.
100:6 Indeed, man, to his Lord, is ungrateful,
100:7 and truly he is a witness to that.
100:8 And truly his love for wealth is ardent.
100:9 Does he not know that when what is in the graves is brought out,
100:10 and what is in the breasts is made known?
100:11 Indeed, on that day their Lord is fully aware of them.
Tafsir
100:1 By the chargers, snorting,
100:2 by the strikers, igniting sparks,
100:3 by the dawn-raiders,
Allah, Exalted be He, swears by the chargers, snorting when setting out to fight for Allah’s sake. He also swears by the horses that strike the enemy, igniting sparks when their hooves strongly hit the ground, and raid against the enemy in the dawn.
Allah, Exalted be He, can swear by whatever thing of His creatures, but the created being can only swear by Allah.
100:4 then, raising thereby a trail of dust,
100:5 then, penetrating thereby into the midst of the assembly.
As the horses run for fighting for Allah’s sake, they raise a trail of dust by their hooves. Then, they penetrate into the midst of the assembly of the enemy.
Allah swears by the horses because they are used to fighting for His sake. In addition, swearing by the horses implies their high rank so the believers should take care of raising them and training to ride them, which will make them accustomed to seeking noble pursuits and diligent performance of their tasks.
In sum, Allah swears by the horses that those who fight for His sake ride as they vigorously run on the battlefield that the sound of their snorting is heard and their hooves make sparks of fire. Those horses raid and penetrate the enemy’s camp in the morning.
The morning is specifically mentioned because it is the usual time for raids. The attackers usually prepare for the raid at night so that their enemy will not feel about their preparation. Then, they attack them in the morning.
100:6 Indeed, man, to his Lord, is ungrateful,
100:7 and truly he is a witness to that.
Man normally denies Allah’s blessings on him. Instead of submitting to Allah’s commands and thanking Him for the countless blessings that He bestows on him, man thinks that he is given them because he deserves them. This is the condition of most people, save those whom Allah has given His bounty on them and guided them to be thankful for all His blessings on them. In addition, man acknowledges that he denies Allah’s blessings on him as he keeps on disobeying Allah without fear of His severe punishment. At times of comfort and opulence, man is heedless of Allah’s commands, but at times of hardship and afflictions, he desperately asks Allah for help and support.
100:8 And truly his love for wealth is ardent.
Man ardently loves wealth. He spares no effort to earn it even if he attains it unlawfully. He spends his life collecting it and sometimes he may make it his priority as if he will not die and forgets to prepare for the lasting life of the Hereafter. This is the case of most people except those Allah has mercy on them by showing the right method of dealing with wealth.
100:9 Does he not know that when what is in the graves is brought out,
100:10 and what is in the breasts is made known?
100:11 Indeed, on that day their Lord is fully aware of them.
Man denies Allah’s blessings on him and disregards His commands and rules. Does he not know what his end will be? Does he not know what will happen to him when what is in the graves is brought out? On the Day of Judgment, all people will be brought out of their graves for reckoning. On that day, what is in the breasts of people will be made known, good or evil. No one can conceal what he did in the life of this world and he will justly be recompensed for it.
Indeed, Allah, their Lord, is fully aware of people on the Day of Judgment, and He will justly reward those who obey His commands and those who disobey them. Allah knows what people do and nothing of their affairs is hidden from Him. On the Day of Judgment, which is a horrifying day, people will reap the fruits of their deeds, good or evil.
Learned Lessons from Surah Al-Adiyat
• Motivating to fight for Allah's sake by preparing horses for this task and taking care of them.
• Man usually denies Allah’s blessings on him except those whom Allah protects and guides to the right path.
• At times of comfort, man normally enjoys Allah’s blessings on him and is heedless of His commands, but at times of hardship, he desperately invokes Allah to remove it.
• Man ardently loves wealth, save when belief in Allah’s Oneness and hoping to meet Him on the Day of Judgment refine this natural disposition.
• On the Day of Judgment, people will be brought out of their graves for reckoning and Allah will justly recompense them for their deeds, good, or evil.
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