Name of the Surah
This surah is called surah Az-Zalzalah because it begins by mentioning the devastating earthquake that will take place when the Day of Judgment occurs. In the Arabic language, zalzal means shake strongly and terribly, which will be the case on the Day of Judgment when all that in this universe will be destroyed. This surah was revealed in al-Madinah.
Relationship between Surah Al-Bayyinah and surah Az-Zalzalah
At the end of surah Al-Bayyinah, it is mentioned that the end of the disbelievers will be Hell and the end of the believers will be Paradise. Then, surah Az-Zalzalah mentions when the recompense will take place and its signs, namely, the Day of Judgment. On that day, the earth will shake and bring forth all that is underneath its dust. It is as if someone asks, ‘When the recompense will take place?’ Then, it is said, ‘When the earth is shaken with a mighty shaking.’
Most Important Topics Discussed in Surah Az-Zalzalah
• Surah Az-Zalzalah speaks about the creed of the Oneness of Allah and refers to the horrors of the Day of Judgment.
• Surah Az-Zalazlah mentions that a terrible earthquake will take place on the Day of Judgment and that the dead will come out of their graves for reckoning. The earth will inform of all that happened on it.
• People will be called to account for their deeds on the Day of Judgment and recompensed according to their deeds, good or evil.
Surah Az-Zalzalah, Revealed in al-Madinah, Contains 8 Ayah
Bism-Allah ar-Rahman ar-Rahim
In the Name of Allah, the Giver of Mercy, the Most Merciful
99:1 When the earth is shaken with a mighty shaking,
99:2 and the earth brings forth her burdens,
99:3 and man says, ‘What is the matter with her?’-
99:4 on that day she will tell her news,
99:5 for your Lord has inspired her.
99:6 On that day, men will come forth, separately, to see their deeds.
99:7 And whoever has done an atom’s weight of good will see it,
99:8 and whoever has done an atom’s weight of evil will see it.
Tafsir
99:1 When the earth is shaken with a mighty shaking,
99:2 and the earth brings forth her burdens,
On the Day of Judgment, the earth will shake with a mighty shaking so that all that is on it will be destroyed. Then, the earth will bring forth her burdens, namely, all that is buried beneath it, such as the dead and treasures.
After the second blowing of the Trumpet, the earth will bring forth all things buried under it.
99:3 and man says, ‘What is the matter with her?’-
When this great event takes place, people will be terrified and perplexed. Each person will say, ‘What is the matter with the earth? Why does it shake and bring forth all things buried beneath it?’
99:4 on that day she will tell her news,
99:5 for your Lord has inspired her.
On the Day of Judgment, which is terrifying and horrible, the earth will tell its news.
Allah, the Able, will inspire the earth and make her able to speak. He will give her permission to tell what happened on it. Thus, she will tell what happened on it, whether good or evil.
Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, narrated that Messenger Muhammad [peace be upon him] said, ‘[99:4 on that day she will tell her news,] Do you know what is her news?’ His companions said, ‘Allah and his Messenger know best.’ He said, ‘Her news is that it will testify against or for every person, and inform about what he/she did on it. She will say, ‘He/she did such and such on such a day.’ Then, he said, ‘This is her news [Sunan An-Nasa’i].’’
Abu Sa’id al-Khudri, may Allah be pleased with him, said, ‘If you are in the desert, raise your voice when you call for the prayer, for I heard Messenger Muhammad says, ‘No jinn, a human being, a tree, or a rock will hear him, but will testify for him [Sunan Ibn Majah].’
99:6 On that day, men will come forth, separately, to see their deeds.
The ayah mentions how the conditions of people will be on the Day of Judgment. They will come forth out of their graves to the place of reckoning. Their conditions will be different. Some will be afraid and some will be fearless and happy. They will come out of their graves to see the deeds that they did in the life of this world, good or evil, and they will see the recompense thereof.
99:7 And whoever has done an atom’s weight of good will see it,
99:8 and whoever has done an atom’s weight of evil will see it.
Whoever has done an atom’s weight of good deed will see the good fruit thereof. He will be recompensed for his righteous deeds even if they are very little. The obedient will see the great recompense that Allah has prepared for His righteous slaves.
And whoever has done an atom’s weight of evil deed will see the evil fruit thereof. He will be recompensed for his evil deeds even if they are very little. The disobedient will see the severe recompense that Allah has prepared for the wrongdoers.
Indeed, all deeds that man does in the world of this life is recorded in a book that does not leave anything, small or big. On the Day of Judgment, man will justly be recompensed for his deeds.
Ayah 7&8 combines the most sublime and wise method of arousing desire and warning. They summarize the entire journey of man in two concise sentences. No matter how long man will live in the world of this life, his journey will end and he will see the fruits of his journey in the Hereafter, good or evil.
Adi bin Hatim, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that Messenger Muhammad [peace be upon him] said, ‘Protect yourselves from the fire of Hell even by giving charity that is equal to a half of a date. And if half of a date is unavailable, then by saying a pleasant word [Al-Musnad As-Sahih Al-Mukharj ala Sahih Muslim].’ The prophetic narration emphasizes the importance of performing righteous deeds even if they are very little, and the doer will find their fruits on the Day of Judgment.
Learned Lessons from Surah Az-Zalzalah
• One of the signs of the occurrence of the Day of Judgment is that the earth will shake and bring forth all that is buried beneath it.
• When the earth shakes, man will be extremely terrified and ask why she shakes and brings forth all that is beneath it.
• On the Day of Judgment, Allah will reveal to the earth so that she will tell all that happened on her surface, good or evil.
• On the Day of Judgment, people will come out of their graves for reckoning. They will see the records of their deeds, and be recompensed justly for them.
• Those who do righteous deeds will find the good fruits of their deeds on the Day of Judgment. Similarly, those who do evil deeds will find the evil fruits of their deeds.
• People will justly be recompensed for their deeds no matter how small they may be.
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