The Noble Quran English Translation and Tafsir of Surah Al-Muddathir Ayah 38-56
The Recompense of the People of the Right and the People of the Left
74:38 Every soul is pledged for what it has earned,
74:39 save the people of the Right,
74:40 in Gardens, asking one another
74:41 about the evil-doers,
74:42 ‘What led you into Saqar?’
74:43 They shall say, ‘We were not of those who prayed,
74:44 and we fed not the needy,
74:45 and we used to engage in vain talks with vain talkers,
74:46 and we used to deny the Day of Judgment,
74:47 until the Certain came to us.’
74:48 Then, the intercession of the intercessors shall not avail them.
74:49 Then, what is the matter with them that they turn away from the Reminder,
74:50 as if they were startled asses
74:51 that fled from a lion?
74:52 Rather, every person of them wants to be given pages, spread.
74:53 No! But, they do not fear the Hereafter.
74:54 No! Indeed, it is a Reminder.
74:55 Then, whoever wills shall remember it.
74:56 And they do not remember, except that Allah wills; He is worthy to be feared and worthy to forgive.
Relationship with the Previous Part
Allah, Exalted be He, warns the disbelievers of His severe punishment in Hell in the previous part. He also informs them that the only path of salvation is believing in His Oneness and performing righteous deeds for His sake. Then, the following part emphasizes the purport of the previous part. It mentions that those who believe in the Oneness of Allah will be saved from Hell and its severe torment and the disbelievers will enter Hell and suffer its lasting torment.
Tafsir
74:38 Every soul is pledged for what it has earned,
74:39 save the people of the Right,
74:40 in Gardens, asking one another
74:41 about the evil-doers,
Every soul will be pledged for what it has earned of deeds. It will not be set free until it fulfills the rights and penalties that it is required to give save the people of the right, namely, the sincere believers. They have set themselves free by obeying the commands of Allah and avoiding His prohibitions. They will be in Paradise and enjoy its lasting happiness. They will ask one another about the conditions of the evildoers, who wrong themselves by disobeying the commands of Allah.
Abdul Allah Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him said, ‘74:38 Every soul is pledged for what it has earned, 74:39 save the people of the Right,] Every soul will be called to account for its deeds.’
74:40 in Gardens, asking one another
74:41 about the evil-doers,
74:42 ‘What led you into Saqar?’
The people of the right, who believe in the Oneness of Allah and obey His commands, will ask one another about the conditions of the evildoers. When they see the evildoers in Hell, they will ask them, ‘What led you into Saqar?’ The inquiry is for reprimand and rebuke. Saqar is one of the names of Hell.
74:43 They shall say, ‘We were not of those who prayed,
74:44 and we fed not the needy,
74:45 and we used to engage in vain talks with vain talkers,
74:46 and we used to deny the Day of Judgment,
74:47 until the Certain came to us.’
When the believers, the people of the right, asked the evildoers, the dwellers of Hell, about what caused them to enter it, they said, ‘We were not of those who pray the obligatory prayer, we were not of those who feed the needy, we used to engage in vain talks with vain talkers, and we used to deny the occurrence of the Day of Judgment until the certain event of death, which made us certain that what we used to deny would take certainly has come.’
The evildoers entering Hell and suffering its severe punishment is a just penalty for their sins. They refuse to perform the obligatory prayer, reject feeding the needy, speak false speech intentionally, and deny the occurrence of the Day of Judgment.
74:48 Then, the intercession of the intercessors shall not avail them.
The intercession of the intercessors will not avail the wrongdoers, who wrong themselves by disobeying the commands of Allah. No one will intercede with Allah on their behalf. Intercession of the intercessors among the angels, the Prophets of Allah, and the righteous will only avail the believers, who believe in the Oneness of Allah.
74:49 Then, what is the matter with them that they turn away from the Reminder,
74:50 as if they were startled asses
74:51 that fled from a lion?
The interrogation is for astonishment at the insistence of the disbelievers on disbelieving in the Oneness of Allah and turning away from the path of guidance.
The Reminder is the Quran and its guidance and noble teachings.
What is the matter with the disbelievers, who refuse to believe in the Oneness of Allah and deny the occurrence of the Day of Judgment? Why do they insist on turning away from the Quran though its guidance and teachings will lead them to salvation in the worldly life and the Hereafter? The disbelievers turn away from the Quran and its guidance as if they were startled assess that fled from a lion. They act as if they run away from a danger though the truth is that they run away from what will bring them happiness in the life of this world and the Hereafter and throw themselves in the abyss of destruction and loss. Indeed, the disbelievers do not have any logical reason as turn away from the truth and the path of guidance.
74:52 Rather, every person of them wants to be given pages, spread.
The disbelievers believe that the admonitions of the Quran are not sufficient, and they want that every person of them to be given spread pages to be able to read that Allah has commanded them to obey Messenger Muhammad [peace be upon him].
Their attitude proves that they are arrogant and refuse to follow the right path out of stubbornness since Messenger Muhammad has brought them sufficient proof confirming that he is the Messenger of Allah.
Qatada, may Allah be pleased with him, said, ‘[74:52 Rather, every person of them wants to be given pages, spread.] Some people said, ‘O Muhammad, if you want that we follow your religion, you should bring books to every one of us in which we are commanded to follow you.’
74:53 No! But, they do not fear the Hereafter.
This is a criticism and a refutation of the disbelievers’ position. No! The matter is not as the disbelievers claim; rather, they do not fear the Hereafter and they do not believe in the occurrence of the Day of Judgment and reckoning on that day. If they fear the Hereafter, they will not want that everyone should be given a record.
74:54 No! Indeed, it is a Reminder.
74:55 Then, whoever wills shall remember it.
No! Indeed, the matter is not as the disbelievers claim about the noble Quran when they say it is magic and the speech of a human being. Verily, the noble Quran is a reminder that Allah revealed to His creatures to remind them of the truth and guide them to the right path. The Quran contains guidance that guides man to what brings him happiness in the life of this world and the Hereafter. Then, whoever wills shall remember it and learn from its lessons and teachings. Verily, the Quran is easy, and complying with its commands and teachings is easy for whoever wants to benefit from its guidance.
In other words, O people, if you are truthful, determined, and prepared to benefit from the guidance of the Quran, go ahead without any delay.
74:56 And they do not remember, except that Allah wills; He is worthy to be feared and worthy to forgive.
Whoever wills shall remember and benefit from the lessons and admonitions of the Quran, but this remembrance will not take place save by the will of Allah. Allah, Exalted be He, is worthy to be feared by avoiding prohibitions and He is worthy to forgive the sins of those who obey His commands and seek His forgiveness.
In other words, benefiting from the guidance of the Quran will not occur save by the will of Allah because He is the Creator and everything in this universe is under His control. The will of the created beings has no value save by the will of Allah.
Learned Lessons from Surah Al-Muddathir Ayah 38-56
• Every soul will be called to account for its deeds in the worldly life and recompensed according to them, good or evil.
• Every soul can save itself from the punishment of Allah by believing in His Oneness and performing righteous deeds for His sake.
• The people of the right, the believers in the Oneness of Allah, will be saved from Hell and its lasting torment.
• Paradise will be the dwelling of the believers in Hereafter. They will enjoy lasting happiness therein.
• Denying the occurrence of the Day of Judgment is a great sin, which causes the deniers to lose.
• Not performing the obligatory prayer, not giving the zakat, and engaging in false talks are great sins.
• Intercession will not be given to those who die as disbelievers.
• Weak belief in the resurrection on the Day of Judgment causes man to deviate from the right path.
• Allah, Exalted be He, is the only God who deserves to be feared, and He is the One who can forgive the sins of the sinners. Thus, He should be feared and sought His forgiveness.
The Noble Quran Surah Al-Muddathir English Translation
Tafsir Ibn Kathir Surah Al-Muddathir English Translation
The Keepers of Hell
Tafsir of Surah Ibrahim Ayah: 13-18 The Disbelievers’ Fate
The Noble Quran Juz Tabarak English Translation and Tafsir Kindle Edition
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