The Noble Quran, Tafsir of Surah al-Inshiqaq Ayah 16-25 The Day of Judgment Will Occur

84:16 So, I swear by the twilight, 

84:17 and by the night and what it envelops, 

84:18 and by the moon when it grows full, 

84:19 you will surely travel from state to state.  

84:20 Then what is the matter with them that they believe not, 

84:21 and when the Quran is recited to them, they prostrate not? 

84:22 Rather those who disbelieve deny, 

84:23 and Allah knows best what they hide.

84:24 So give them good news of a painful torment,

84:25 save those who believe and do righteous deeds, for them is a reward, never-ending. 

Relationship with the Previous Part

The previous part mentions that people will be divided into two parties on the Day of Judgment and it mentions their conditions, namely, happy and miserable ones. This part confirms that the Day of Judgment with the horrors that accompany it will certainly take place by swearing by some obvious signs in the universe, namely, the twilight, the night, and the moon. 

Then it mentions some conditions of people, namely, they disbelieve in the occurrence of the Day of Judgment, and they do not comply with the teachings of the glorious Quran out of arrogance. Their recompense will be severe punishment on the Day of Judgment, but those who believe in Allah’s Oneness, worship Him sincerely and perform righteous deeds will be recompensed with a never-ending reward. 

Tafsir

84:16 So, I swear by the twilight, 

84:17 and by the night and what it envelops, 

84:18 and by the moon when it grows full, 

Allah, Exalted be He, swears by the twilight that appears when the sun sets, the night that envelops different creatures and wonders that no one knows but Allah, and the moon when it grows full.

Swearing by these things is proof confirming Allah’s perfect ability. That is because these things change from a state to another and from a shape to another. The twilight comes when the sun sets, the night comes after the day, and the moon grows full after it was not so. All these changes are evidence that Allah is able, Exalted be He.

Allah swears by whatever thing of His creatures that He wants, but the created being must only swear by Allah. 

84:19 you will surely travel from state to state.  

This is the response to the oath. By the twilight, by the night and what it envelops, and by the moon when it grows full, you will surely travel from state to state and condition to another one. You will certainly experience different states and conditions, some of which are more difficult than others. You will surely go through different stages in your life, but the most difficult one will be death and what follows it of resurrection and reckoning on the Day of Judgment. 

Abdul Allah bin Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said, ‘[84:19 you will surely travel from state to state.] ‘State after state.’ ‘This is for your Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him.’ 

84:20 Then what is the matter with them that they believe not, 

84:21 and when the Quran is recited to them, they prostrate not? 

The interrogation is for condemnation and amazement. O noble Messenger Muhammad, if the matter is as it has been mention. The only God deserving worship is Allah; they will certainly be raised after death for reckoning on the Day of Judgment; they will surely be recompensed for all their deeds in the worldly life. Then what is the matter with the disbelievers that they do not believe though all proofs call them to believe? In addition, what is the matter with them that when the Quran is recited to them, they do not prostrate though it is revealed to bring them out of the darkness of disbelief to the light of belief in Allah’s Oneness? 

The intended meaning is wondering at the disbelievers’ conditions. Though all proofs confirm Allah’s Oneness and the truthfulness of Messenger Muhammad, they insist on disbelief, arrogance, and stubbornness. 

84:22 Rather those who disbelieve deny, 

84:23 and Allah knows best what they hide.

There is no valid reason for the disbelievers’ insistence on disbelief in Allah’s Oneness and His Messenger Muhammad after knowing all supporting proofs. Rather, their insistence on denial is because of envy to Messenger Muhammad for the bounty that Allah has given him. They deny the truth out of arrogance and stubbornness. However, Allah, the All-Knowing, knows best what they hide. Allah knows the disbelief and denial the disbelievers hide in their breasts, and the enmity they have for the believers. 

84:24 So give them good news of a painful torment,

84:25 save those who believe and do righteous deeds, for them is a reward, never-ending. 

Good news is given to tell what brings happiness to the heart. The intended meaning is sarcasm as the ayah promises the disbelievers to suffer a painful torment. 

O noble Messenger Muhammad, give the denying disbelievers the news of painful torment on the Day of Judgment for their disbelief and wickedness. But those who believe in Allah’s Oneness, worship Him alone, believe in His Messengers, and perform righteous deeds will have a reward that will never end. Indeed, Allah’s blessings on the believers are countless. He, Exalted be He, deserves sincere worship. 

Learned Lessons from Surah al-Inshiqaq Ayah 16-25

• Allah swears by the twilight, the night what it envelops, and the moon when it grows full that the Day of Judgment will certainly take place.

• The disbelievers have no valid excuse for disbelieving in Allah’s Oneness as conclusive proofs confirm that He is the only God who deserves worship.

• Denial, arrogance, and stubbornness are the causes preventing the disbelievers from believing in Allah’s Oneness and complying with the teachings of the Quran.

• Allah is All-Knowing. He knows best of what the disbelievers hide in their breasts. 

• The disbelievers are given the news that they will suffer severe punishment in the Hereafter.

• Those who believe in Allah’s Oneness and His Messengers, worship Him sincerely and perform righteous deeds will have a never-ending reward in the Hereafter. 

The Holy Quran, Surah al-Inshiqaq, English Translation

The Holy Quran, Tafsir Ibn Kathir, Surah al-Inshiqaq

The Noble Quran Surah Hud : Translation and Tafsir

The Noble Quran, Tafsir of Surah al-Mutaffifin Ayah 1-6 Warning to the Defrauders

The Holy Quran, Tafsir of Surah al-Inshiqaq Ayah 1-15 Some Horrors of the Day of Judgment

84:1 When the sky bursts open, 

84:2 and it obeys its Lord, and it must do so. 

84:3 And when the earth is spread out 

84:4  and cast forth what is in it, and becomes empty. 

84:5 And it obeys its Lord, and it must do so. 

84:6 O man, indeed, you are laboring to your Lord laboriously and you will meet Him.

84:7 Then as for him who is given his book in his right hand, 

84:8 he will receive an easy reckoning 

84:9 and he will return to his people joyfully. 

84:10 But as for him who is given his book behind his back,

84:11 he will call for destruction 

84:12 and he will burn in a Blaze. 

84:13 Indeed, he used to be joyful among his people;

84:14 indeed, he thought that he would never return. 

84:15 Yes indeed, his Lord was ever All-Seeing of him. 

Tafsir 

84:1 When the sky bursts open, 

84:2 and it obeys its Lord, and it must do so. 

The sky bursts open and splits marking the end and destruction of this world. When this event takes place, the Day of Judgment will take place. The sky will obey its Lord, Allah, and comply with His command, as He is the Great Lord whom no one can overcome. All that is in this universe submit to His Will willingly and unwillingly. Verily, it is obligatory on the sky and all that is in this universe to obey Allah’s commands and comply with them. 

84:3 And when the earth is spread out 

84:4  and cast forth what is in it, and becomes empty. 

84:5 And it obeys its Lord, and it must do so. 

When the Day of the Judgment takes, the earth will be spread out and become flat with no heights or lownesses. It will cast forth all that is in it. It will bring out all that is in it, e.g. dead bodies and treasures. Thus, it will become empty. Indeed, it is obligatory on the earth and all that in this universe to obey Allah’s commands and comply with them, just as the sky must obey and comply with Allah’s commands. 

When the sky splits out and the earth is spread out, the Day of Judgment will occur and every human being will know the results of the deeds he did in this world. 

It was reported that Messenger Muhammad said, ‘On the Day of Judgment, Allah will spread out the earth so that all human beings will find a place where they can put their feet on. Then I will be the first person to be called. The angel Gabriel will be to the right side of Allah, the Most Merciful. Then I will say, ‘O my Lord, this is what you have told me about and sent me to convey.’ Allah will say, ‘You have spoken the truth.’ Then I will seek the intercession and say, ‘O my Lord, Your slaves; they worshipped You on earth.’ Then he said, ‘This is the praised status.’ 

84:6 O man, indeed, you are laboring to your Lord laboriously and you will meet Him.

The ayah addresses man, calling him to worship Allah sincerely and obeying Allah’s commands.

The Arabic version used the word ‘kadih, kadhn, which is translated into laboring, laboriously, respectively. Kadih means to exert great efforts to attain something. 

O man, you are laboring and exerting great efforts in your life to achieve your goals. After this laboring, you will return to your Lord, Allah, who will call you to account for all deeds you did in this world, and recompense you according to your deeds, good or bad. So, perform righteous deeds that will cause you to attain your Lord’s pleasure and forgiveness. Avoid what displeases your Lord, as it will bring you loss and destruction. 

Jabir narrated that Messenger Muhammad said, ‘Gabriel said, ‘O Muhammad, live as long as you wish, you will die, love whomever you want, you will leave him/her, and do whatever deed you want, you will be recompensed for it.’’ 

84:7 Then as for him who is given his book in his right hand, 

84:8 he will receive an easy reckoning 

84:9 and he will return to his people joyfully. 

The book refers to the record of deeds in which all deeds, good or evil, are written. 

Easy reckoning means that the deeds’ of a person will be presented before Allah. Then Allah, out of His bounty and mercy, will forgive the slips and mistakes. 

All people labor and exert great efforts in this world. Then they will return to their Creator, Allah, on the Day of Judgment for reckoning.

As for him who is given the book of his deeds in his right hand, namely, the believer who believes in Allah’s Oneness and His Messengers and performs righteous deeds sincerely for Allah’s sake, he will receive an easy reckoning. His deeds will be presented before Allah, and then Allah, out of His mercy and bounty, will forgive his sins and mistakes. His reckoning will be easy as he will not be asked to give excuses and he will not be questioned. 

After reckoning, he will return to his family and people joyfully because Allah grants him of His bounty and mercy. 

The ayah mentions that the successful believers will be given the book of their deeds in their hands. That is because the right hand is usually used to make beautiful things. 

Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, said, ‘I heard Prophet Muhammad saying, ‘O Allah, make my reckoning easy reckoning.’ Then I said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, ‘What an easy reckoning is?’ He said, ‘It is when your sins will be presented, and then they will be forgiven. Indeed, whoever is called to account in detail will be destroyed.’ 

Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, narrated that Messenger Muhammad said, ‘Whoever is called to account on the Day of Judgment will be tormented.’ I said, ‘Does Allah not say in the Quran, [84:8 he will receive an easy reckoning.]? Messenger Muhammad said, ‘That is not the reckoning; rather, it is presenting one’s deeds. However, whoever is called to account for his deeds on the Day of Judgment will be tormented.’ 

84:10 But as for him who is given his book behind his back,

84:11 he will call for destruction 

84:12 and he will burn in a Blaze. 

After mentioning the end of the successful, the ayah mentions the end of the losers on the Day of Judgment. 

As for him who is given the book of his deeds in his left hand behind his back, as his deeds are evil and ugly, he will call for destruction out of regret and horrors. He will hope that he dies so that he will be saved from the severe punishment awaiting him. His punishment will be painful torment in the blazing fire of Hell where he will suffer its heat and burning. 

84:13 Indeed, he used to be joyful among his people;

84:14 indeed, he thought that he would never return. 

The ayah mentions why the evildoers will have an evil end and suffer severe torment on the Day of Judgment. 

The evildoer used to be joyful among his people in the worldly life, being proud of his wealth and people. He did not think about the end of his sins and evil deeds. He thought that he would never return to his Lord, Allah, for reckoning on the Day of Judgment after his death. He did not think that the Day of Judgment will take place and that he will be recompensed for his deeds. 

84:15 Yes indeed, his Lord was ever All-Seeing of him. 

The matter is not as he thought, namely, that he would not return to Allah after death for reckoning. Yes, indeed, this evildoer will return to his Lord, Allah, for reckoning on the Day of Judgment. He will be recompensed for his deeds, as his Lord, Allah, was ever All-Seeing of him. Allah knows what he did in the worldly life and will recompense him justly. Indeed, nothing is hidden from Allah, the All-Knowing. 

Learned Lessons from Surah al-Inshiqaq Ayah 1-15

• When the Day of Judgment takes place, the sky will burst open and split, the earth will be spread out and all mountains on it will be destroyed and become dust, and the dead will be brought out of their graves and become alive. The sky and the earth will obey Allah’s command, which is obligatory on them to do so. 

• Man labors in this world greatly to achieve his goals. Then he will return to Allah on the Day of Judgment, be called to account for his deeds, and be recompensed for them, good or evil. Thus, he should do his best to labor in a manner that brings him close to Allah and causes him to attain His pleasure. 

• This world is the dwelling of labor and work. There is no rest in this world. The Hereafter is the real-life that one should do his best to attain its reward. 

• On the Day of Judgment, people will be divided into two parties, namely, the happy, successful believers and the unhappy, losing disbelievers. The believers will be given the book of their deeds in their right hands, their deeds will be presented before Allah, and they will receive an easy reckoning. They will return joyfully to their people, as they will attain Allah’s pleasure. On the other hand, the disbelievers will be given the book of their deeds in their left hands behind their backs. They will realize that the end of their sinning in worldly life will be loss and destruction in the Hereafter. 

• The disbelievers will lose in the Hereafter because they used to disobey Allah’s commands in the worldly life, be proud of their wealth and people, and think that they will not be raised for reckoning on the Day Judgment after their death. In sum, they disbelieve in the occurrence of the Day of Judgment. Thus, they will suffer the unhappy end of their wrongdoings. 

• Joy and contentment because of being pleased with Allah’s decree are praiseworthy. On the other hand, Joy, and proudness because of having wealth and worldly materials is blameworthy. 

• The Day of Judgment will certainly take place. Thus, one should be prepared for it by worshipping Allah alone sincerely, obeying His commands, and avoiding His prohibitions. 

       The Noble Quran, Surah al-Inshiqaq, English Translation

       The Noble Quran, Tafsir ibn Kathir, Tafsir of Surah al-Inshiqaq

       The Quran Surah ar-Ra’d: Translation and Tafsir

       The Noble Quran, Tafsir of Surah Hud, Allah Will Never Forsake the     Believers

The Noble Quran Introduction to Tafsir of Surah al-Inshiqaq

Contains 25 Ayah, Revealed in Mecca,
Bism-Allah ar-Rahman ar-Rahim
In the Name of Allah, the Giver of Mercy, the Most Merciful

84:1 When the sky bursts open, 

84:2 and it obeys its Lord, and it must do so. 

84:3 And when the earth is spread out 

84:4  and cast forth what is in it, and becomes empty. 

84:5 And it obeys its Lord, and it must do so. 

84:6 O man, indeed, you are laboring to your Lord laboriously and you will meet Him.

84:7 Then as for him who is given his book in his right hand, 

84:8 he will receive an easy reckoning 

84:9 and he will return to his people joyfully. 

84:10 But as for him who is given his book behind his back,

84:11 he will call for destruction 

84:12 and he will burn in a Blaze. 

84:13 Indeed, he used to be joyful among his people;

84:14 indeed, he thought that he would never return. 

84:15 Yes indeed, his Lord was ever All-Seeing of him. 

84:16 So, I swear by the twilight, 

84:17 and by the night and what it envelops, 

84:18 and by the moon when it grows full, 

84:19 you will surely travel from state to state.  

84:20 Then what is the matter with them that they believe not, 

84:21 and when the Quran is recited to them, they prostrate not? 

84:22 Rather those who disbelieve deny, 

84:23 and Allah knows best what they hide.

84:24 So give them the good news of a painful torment,

84:25 save those who believe and do righteous deeds, for them is a reward, never-ending. 

Name of Surah al-Inshiqaq

This surah is named al-Inshiqaq ‘the Splitting Open’ because it mentions that the sky will burst open and split when the Day of Judgment occurs.

Relationship between Surah al-Inshiqaq and the Surahs before It

According to the arrangement of the written copy of the Quran, al-Mushaf, surah al-Mutaffifin, al-Infitar, and at-Takwir come before surah al-Inshiqaq. These four surahs speak about some horrifying events that will take place when the Day of Judgment occurs. Surah at-Takwir and al-Infitar mention some events that will happen when the Day of Judgment takes place and surah al-Mutaffifin mentions what will be the end of the believers and the disbelievers then. Surah al-Inshiqaq combines between mentioning some events that will take place when the Day of Judgment happens, some scenes of the Hereafter, and the easy reckoning and happy end of the believers, and the difficult reckoning and the horrible end of the disbelievers. Besides, the three previous surahs refer to the fact that the angels write down all deeds of human beings in records while surah al-Inshiqaq mentions that people will be recompensed according to the deeds written in those records. 

Theme of Surah al-Inshiqaq

Surah al-Inshiqaq, like surahs revealed in Mecca, discusses matters related to the creed of Allah’s Oneness and refers to the frightening events of the Day of Judgment. 

Main Topics Discussed in Surah al-Inshiqaq

• The surah portrays some scenes of the Day of Judgment. It also refers to some universal upheavals that will take place then.

• The surah describes the condition of people when the reckoning takes place and mentions that people will be divided into two groups. Some people will receive their books in their right hands, and their end will be happy in Paradise, i.e. the believers while some people will receive the books of their deeds in their left hands and their end will be misery in Hell wherein they will suffer a painful torment.

• Allah swears by the twilight, the night, and the moon that the disbelievers will be raised after death for the reckoning on the Day of Judgment. 

• The surah is concluded by reprimanding the disbelievers for their disbelief in Allah’s Oneness. It also warns them of a painful torment that is awaiting them on the Day of Judgment. 

The Noble Quran, Surah al-Inshiqaq, English Translation

Tafsir of Surah al-Kahf Ayah: 107-110

The Noble Quran Surah Jonah Translation and Tafsir

The Noble Quran, Tafsir of Surah al-Mutaffifin Ayah 29-36 The End of Mockery

 

83:29 Verily, those who were guilty used to laugh at those who believed.

83:30 And when they passed by them, they would wink at one another.

83:31 And when then returned to their people, they would return jesting.

83:32 And when they saw them, they would say, ‘Indeed, those are truly astray.’

83:33 Yet they were not sent as watchers over them.

83:34 So today, those who believe will laugh at the disbelievers,

83:35 on couches, gazing.

83:36 Have the disbelievers not been recompensed for what they used to do?

Relationship with the Previous Part

The previous parts speak about the wicked and the righteous, referring to the evil end of the wicked and the happy end of the righteous. Then this part mentions that the disbelievers used to ridicule the believers in worldly life. Their recompense will be that the believers will ridicule them in the Hereafter, which is fitting recompense for their wickedness. The intended meaning is to console the believers and strengthen their hearts.

Tafsir

83:29 Verily, those who were guilty used to laugh at those who believed.

The ayah mentions an example of the wicked deeds that the disbelievers used to do against the believers in the worldly life. The disbelievers such as abu Jahl bin Hisham and al-A bin Wa’l used to ridicule the poor and weak believers such as Suhayb the Roman and Ammar bin Yasir. 

Verily, those who were guilty of committing the great sin, i.e. disbelieving in Allah’s Oneness, used to laugh at those who believed in worldly life. 

83:30 And when they passed by them, they would wink at one another.

When the disbelievers passed by the believers, they would wink at one another, ridiculing and mocking them. They would wink at one another to show their disdain for the believers, as they believed that they were better than the poor and weak believers in terms of wealth and social status. 

83:31 And when then returned to their people, they would return jesting.

When the disbelievers returned to their people, they would return jesting. They were happy because of their ridicule and mockery of the believers. They acted as if their shameless conduct against the believers was a source of enjoyment and amusement, which is evidence of their ignorance and stupidity. 

83:32 And when they saw them, they would say, ‘Indeed, those are truly astray.’

The wicked disbelievers did not only ridicule the believers but also claimed that the believers were astray as they renounced the religion of their ancestors and believed in Allah’s Oneness. According to the disbelievers’ opinion, following the right path of believing in Allah’s Oneness is deviation, which indicates their corruption. 

83:33 Yet they were not sent as watchers over them.

When the disbelievers claimed that the believers went astray, they acted as if they were sent as watchers over them; however, they were not sent as watchers over then, nor were they responsible for the belief and deeds of the believers. Only Allah watches over all creatures and He will recompense them according to their deeds. 

The intended meaning is to reprimand the disbelievers for their wickedness and bad behavior, as they were not fit to judge people and decide who followed the right path and who did not. Allah did not charge them with watching over the believers. Rather, Allah commanded them to follow the right path of believing in His Oneness, which they did not follow. 

83:34 So today, those who believe will laugh at the disbelievers,

83:35 on couches, gazing.

This is consolation and good news to the believers who greatly suffered from the ridicule and mockery of the disbelievers in the worldly life.

On the Day of Judgment, the believers, who believe in Allah’s Oneness, obey His commands, and avoid His prohibitions, will laugh at the disbelievers. They will be reclining on couches in Paradise, gazing at the disbelievers while they are punished in Hell.

This is fitting recompense for the wickedness of the disbelievers and their mockery of the believers in the worldly life. Allah will reward the believers and heal their wounded souls by making them laugh at the disbelievers. They will see them suffering from the humiliating and painful torment of Hell. Indeed, the worldly life, no matter how long it may last, is short; on the other hand, the Hereafter is the everlasting life for whose happiness the strivers should strive. 

83:36 Have the disbelievers not been recompensed for what they used to do? 

The interrogation is for affirmation. Indeed, the disbelievers will be recompensed with the suitable punishment for their mockery and ridicule of the believers in the worldly life. Allah will punish them with the punishment that they deserve. They will suffer lasting torment in Hell. 

Learned Lessons from Surah al-Mutaffifin Ayah 29-36

• The disbelievers always feel enmity and hatred towards the believers. It is natural that faith never exists with disbelief, true creed with corrupt doctrine, and sublime ethics with vices. 

• The disbelievers used to ridicule and mock the believers. They thought that they were better than the weak, poor believers. Verily, they were ignorant as they thought that the only criterion for judging people was materialistic values. In fact, sound faith and sublime ethics outweigh materialistic values.

• The disbelievers thought that the believers were misguided, as they did not follow their corrupt faith, which they followed because it was their ancestors’ faith. This indicates their ignorance and stupidity, as they believed that baseless imitation in belief was sufficient to render it sound. However, sound evidence is the foundation of correct belief, not baseless imitation. 

• In the Hereafter, the disbelievers will justly be recompensed for their ridicule and mockery of the believers in the worldly life. The believers will laugh at the disbelievers in the Hereafter, seeing them punished in the painful torment of Hell.

• Indeed, the worldly life is fleeting. No matter how long the disbelievers may enjoy its pleasures and no matter how long the believers may suffer in this world, the happy end will be for the believers while severe torment will be for the disbelievers. 

The Noble Quran, Surah al-Mutaffifin, English Translation

Tafsir of Surah al-Hijr Ayah 85-89 Guidelines to Messenger Muhammad Salla Allah Alayhi wa-Salam

The Noble Quran Surah Yusuf: Translation and Tafsir

 

The Noble Quran, Tafsir of Surah al-Mutaffifin Ayah 18-28 The Fate of the Believers

 

83:18 No! Indeed, the book of the righteous is in Illiyin; 

83:19 and what shall make you realize what Illiyin is? 

83:20 It is a register, inscribed,

83:21 witnessed by those brought near. 

83:22 Surely, the righteous will be in bliss, 

83:23 on couches, gazing;  

83:24 you will recognize the brightness of bliss on their faces.

83:25 They will be given to drink of wine, sealed; 

83:26 the last thereof is musk; so after that let the strivers strive. 

83:27 And it is mixed with Tasnim, 

83:28 a spring from which those brought near will drink. 

Relationship with the Previous Part

The previous parts speak about those who consume people’s rights unlawfully. It mentions that all their deeds are recorded and that their end will be Hell in the Hereafter, where they will suffer a painful torment. Then this part speaks about the obedient believers, referring to their high rank with Allah in the Hereafter. This is a typical method of the Quranic style, which mentions something and its opposite to contrast them to bring home the intended meaning. 

Tafsir

83:18 No! Indeed, the book of the righteous is in Illiyin; 

No! The fate of the believers will not be like the end of the wicked. The deeds of the righteous, who obey Allah’s commands and avoid His prohibitions, will be recorded in a book that will be in Illiyin, a very high place. This is in contrast to the evil end of the wicked disbelievers, which will be in the lowest part of Hell, where they suffer a painful torment. 

83:19 and what shall make you realize what Illiyin is? 

83:20 It is a register, inscribed,

83:21 witnessed by those brought near. 

‘What shall make you realize what Illiyin is?’ The interrogation is to magnify the rank of Illiyin.  

The book on which the deeds of the righteous is recorded will be in the highest and best place. It is clear and can be read easily. When the righteous read it, they will become happy as their righteous deeds are written on it. The scholars mention the following meanings for Illiyin: 1) It is Paradise. 2) It is a wooden board made of aquamarine and hanged under the Throne of Allah. The deeds of the righteous are written on it. 3) It is a book preserved in the seventh heaven. 4) It is a book that is preserved in the highest place. 

After mentioning the opinions of the scholars, Imam Muhammad bin Jarir at-Tabari, may Allah have mercy on him, said, ‘Allah mentions that the book of the deeds of the righteous is preserved in Illiyin, which means a high place. It may be a place in heaven over another heaven; it may be in the seventh heaven… Since there is no authentic narration that clearly says that it means one of the aforementioned meanings, then it should be said as Allah says in the Quran, namely, the book of the deeds of the righteous is preserved in Illiyin, a very high place. 

Those who are near to Allah, the angels, witness and see the book of the deeds of the righteous. Their acquaintance with the book is evidence that Allah is pleased with the righteous and that He will honor and reward them greatly. 

83:22 Surely, the righteous will be in bliss, 

83:23 on couches, gazing;  

Surely, the righteous will be in lasting bliss, enjoying the reward Allah prepared for them. They will be reclining on couches that are prepared for them. They will be gazing at what brings delight and joy to their hearts. 

83:24 you will recognize the brightness of bliss on their faces.

The brightness and radiance of bliss that the righteous will enjoy in Paradise can be recognized on their faces. 

83:25 They will be given to drink of wine, sealed; 

83:26 the last thereof is musk; so after that let the strivers strive. 

In Paradise, the righteous will be given to drink of wine that is sealed, namely, no hand touches it before the righteous. This wine is excellent and delicious. It is free from intoxicants and whatever thing that may harm the mind. 

The taste of the musk will be the last thing that the righteous will find after drinking from the pure, delicious wine of Paradise, which is the best and the sweetest smell. 

[…so after that let the strivers strive.]

Strive is to make a great effort to get something. So let the strivers strive to attain such bliss and happiness of Paradise, which Allah has promised to give to the righteous. They should do their best to attain it by obeying Allah’s commands and avoiding His prohibitions. 

The intended meaning is to motivate people to do righteous deeds, which will cause them to attain the highest ranks in Paradise. 

83:27 And it is mixed with Tasnim, 

83:28 a spring from which those brought near will drink.

The pure wine of Paradise will be mixed with Tasnim, i.e. spring in Paradise. Tasnim is a verbal noun of sanamah, i.e. to raise something to a high position. It is called so because it originates from a high place or because of its high rank. In other words, the righteous will be given to drink pure, delicious wine that is mixed with the water of Tasnim. However, those who are close to Allah will drink from Tasnim without mixing it with any other drink. 

Learned Lessons from Surah al-Mutaffifin Ayah 18-28

• The deeds of the righteous will be written in a book that will be witnessed by angels, who are close to Allah. 

• There is a clear difference between the status of the wicked and the righteous. Lowness, darkness, and misery will be the share of the wicked, while highness, brightness, and happiness will be the share of the righteous.

• Allah, the generous, will reward the righteous the best reward in Paradise. 

• In Paradise, the righteous will be reclining on couches, gazing at pleasures that Allah has prepared for them, and enjoying what the eyes have never seen, the ears have never heard of, and the hearts have never thought about.

• Signs of happiness and joy will be seen on the faces of the righteous in Paradise. Their faces will be bright and radiant.

• In Paradise, the righteous will be given to drink of pure, delicious wine that will be mixed from Tasnim spring. The wine does not have any negative effect like the wine of worldly life. It will not intoxicate them.

• The smell of musk will be the last thing that the righteous will find after drinking from the wine of Paradise.

• Those who strive should strive to attain the everlasting bliss of Paradise that Allah has prepared for the righteous.

The Noble Quran, Surah al-Mutaffifin, English Translation

The Noble Quran, Surah ar-Ra’d: Translation and Tafsir 

The Noble Quran, Tafsir ibn Kathir, Surah al-Mutaffifin

The Noble Quran, Tafsir of Surah Hud: Ayah 43, the Flood

The Noble Quran: Tafsir of Surah al-Mutaffifin Ayah 7-17 The fate of the Wicked

 

83:7 No indeed; the book of the wicked is in Sijjin;

83:8 and what shall make you realize what Sijjin is? 

83:9 It is a register, inscribed.

83:10 Woe on that day to the deniers, 

83:11 who deny the Day of Recompense.

83:12 And none denies it but every sinful transgressor. 

83:13 When Our Ayat are recited to him, he says, ‘Fables of the ancients.’

83:14 No! Rather, what they used to earn has covered their hearts. 

83:15 No! Indeed, they will be screened off from their Lord on that day. 

83:16 Then they will surely burn in Hell.

83:17 Then it will be said to them, ‘This is what you used to deny.’

Relationship with the Previous Part

The previous part mentions that consuming people’s rights unlawfully is a great sin deserving painful torment on the Day of Judgment. Then this part mentions that all deeds of human beings, small or big, are written in records. It also warns those who disbelieve in the resurrection on the Day of Judgment and claim that the Quran that Allah revealed to Messenger Muhammad is fables of the ancients that they will severe severe torment. 

Tafsir 

83:7 No indeed; the book of the wicked is in Sijjin;

83:8 and what shall make you realize what Sijjin is? 

83:9 It is a register, inscribed.

‘No indeed.’ This is a severe warning to the defrauders for their sins and cheating people. 

‘The book of the wicked is in Sijjin.’ The Arabic version used the word ‘fujar translated into the wicked. It means those who violate Allah’s rights and do not fear His punishment. 

The deeds of the wicked will be kept in Sijjin. The scholars differ about the meaning of Sijjin. 1) It is a place on the seventh earth. 2) It is the lowest part of the earth. 3) What is written in the book of deeds of the wicked will cause them loss. 4) Sijjin is a prison. 

Imam Muhammad bin Jarir maintains that Sijjin means a prison. That is because there is a prophet narration to this effect. Abara’, may Allah be pleased with him,  narrated that Messenger Muhammad talks about the soul of the wicked and that it would be taken to heaven. Then he said, ‘They will take it to heaven. Whenever they pass by some angels, they will be asked, ‘Whose soul is this?’ They will say, ‘He is so-and-so, referring to him by the most wicked names that he used to have in the worldly life.’ When they reach the nearest heaven to the earth, they will ask for permission to enter, but they will not be allowed.’ Then Messenger Muhammad recited, [7:40 Indeed, those who reject Our signs and arrogantly turn away from them – the gates of heaven will not be opened for them, nor will they enter paradise until the camel passes through the eye of the needle; and thus, We recompense the wicked.] Then Allah will say, ‘Write his name in the lowest part of the earth, which is a prison in the lowest earth.’ 

The matter is not as the disbelievers claim, i.e. that there will be no resurrection after death nor reckoning. Rather, the resurrection will certainly take place. All deeds of the wicked, e.g. disbelieving in Allah’s Oneness and consuming people’s rights unlawfully, are written in the record of evil deeds, which is kept in a prison in the lowest part of the earth. 

83:8 and what shall make you realize what Sijjin is? 

The interrogation is to magnify the viciousness of Sijjin. It also implies that the wicked will enter Hell and suffer its painful torment. 

The deeds of the wicked are recorded in a book that does not omit anything and is kept on the lowest earth. Their end will be Hell where they will suffer painful torment. 

83:10 Woe on that day to the deniers, 

83:11 who deny the Day of Recompense.

This is a severe warning to the deniers, who reject to believe in Allah’s Oneness and the resurrection and recompense on the Day of Judgment. They will suffer loss, destruction, and perpetual imprisonment in the lowest part of Hell. 

83:12 And none denies it but every sinful transgressor. 

83:13 When Our Ayat are recited to him, he says, ‘Fables of the ancients.’

The ayat mentions the attributes of the deniers of the Day of Judgment. They are transgressors, overstepping all correct bounds. They are sinful in their statements and deeds. They say that the Quran contains fables of the ancients when they hear it is being recited, namely, they believe that the ayat of the Quran are lies that the ancients wrote in their books and that Messenger Muhammad learned from the books of the ancients. This means that they believe that the Quran is not a divine revelation.  

83:14 No! Rather, what they used to earn has covered their hearts. 

The ayah mentions the cause of the attitude of the deniers of the Day of Judgment towards the Quran, i.e. they describe it as the fables of the ancients. 

The Arabic version used ‘ran’ translated into covered. This word is derived from ar-rayn, namely, rust that forms on iron or steel. Ran means to cover, dominate, and overwhelm. 

The matter is not as the deniers of the Day of Judgment say about the Quran; rather, the cause of their attitude is that disbelief in Allah’s Oneness, stubbornness, and denial that cover, dominate, and overwhelm their hearts. Thus, they become unable to distinguish the truth from falsehood. 

Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that Messenger Muhammad said, ‘When a believer sins, there will be a black spot over his heart. If he repents and seeks Allah’s forgiveness, it will be removed from his heart. If he keeps on sinning, it will keep on increasing until it covers all his heart. That is the ran that Allah mentions in the Quran, [83:14 No! Rather, what they used to earn has covered their hearts.] 

83:15 No! Indeed, they will be screened off from their Lord on that day. 

83:16 Then they will surely burn in Hell.

83:17 Then it will be said to them, ‘This is what you used to deny.’

The ayah mentions what will be the end of the deniers of the Day of Judgment. No! The matter is not as the deniers of the Day of Judgment claim, namely, the Quran is the fables of the ancients. Indeed, they will be screened off from seeing their Lord, Allah, on the Day of Judgment. Imam, ash-Shafi’i, may Allah have mercy on him, said, ‘This ayah is evidence that the believers will see Allah on the Day of Judgment.’ This is a logical conclusion from the understood meaning of the ayah. Authentic prophetic narrations mention that the believers will see Allah on the Day of Judgment. 

The deniers of the Day of Judgment will suffer painful torment in Hell. They will be reprimanded for their evil deeds and it will be said to them, ‘This is torment you are suffering is what you used to deny in the worldly life and defiantly say that it will not take place. So taste it. You will remain in Hell forever. 

Learned Lessons from Surah al-Mutaffifin Ayah 7-17

• The deeds of the wicked disbelievers are recorded in a book. Their end will be in a prison in the lowest part of Hell, suffering painful torment therein.

• Only the sinful transgressors who overstep all proper bounds deny the occurrence of the Day of Judgment. They indulge in sinning to the extent that they claim that the Quran that Allah revealed to Messenger Muhammad is fables of the ancients without having any proof. They claim so out of stubbornness and transgression.

• The Quran is the speech of Allah that He revealed to Messenger Muhammad, containing the truth. 

• The hearts of the deniers of the Day of Judgment are covered with layers of sins that they cannot see the truth and cannot distinguish the truth from falsehood.

• The wicked disbelievers will be deprived of seeing Allah on the Day of Judgment, while the believers will enjoy seeing their Lord, Allah, in the Hereafter. 

• The wicked disbelievers will be reprimanded for their disbelief in Allah’s Oneness and denial of the occurrence of the Day of Judgment. It will be said to them, ‘Taste the torment of Hell, which you used to deny in the worldly life.’

The Noble Quran, Surah al-Mutaffifin, English Translation

Towards understanding the Quran, Surah al-Mutaffifin

The Noble Quran, Tafsir of Surah Hud, Allah Will Never Forsake the Believers

 

 

The Noble Quran, Tafsir of Surah al-Mutaffifin Ayah 1-6 Warning to the Defrauders

 

83:1 Woe to the defrauders! 

83:2 Those who take full measure when they buy from people, 

83:3 and when they measure or weigh for them, they give less than due.

83:4 Do they not think that they will be resurrected

83:5 on a great day,  

83:6 the day when people will stand before the Lord of the worlds?

Tafsir

Abdul Allah bin Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him said, ‘When Messenger Muhammad came to al-Madinah, its inhabitants were the worst people concerning giving people less than their dues when dealing. Then surah al-Mutaffifin was revealed and then they began to give people their rights and not cheat them. 

83:1 Woe to the defrauders! 

The Arabic version says, ‘Waylun lilmutaffifin.’ Waylun is a word that indicates severe warning and destruction. Al-Mutaffifin is the plural of mutaffif, which is derived from tafif, i.e. a trivial thing as the amount taken from people’s rights is insignificant no matter how great it may be. Tafafa means to give less than due when weighing. In other words, the ayah threatens the defrauders with destruction and loss. 

 83:2 Those who take full measure when they buy from people, 

83:3 and when they measure or weigh for them, they give less than due.

The defrauders take full measure when they buy from people. However, when they measure or weigh for people, they give them less than their dues. This shows their corruption and deviation. They do not accept being cheated, but they allow themselves to consume people’s rights unlawfully and they do not consider that wrong. 

In sum, destruction and painful torment will be for the defrauders. They consume people’s rights unlawfully when they deal with people in selling and the like transactions, but they insist on taking their rights in full when they buy from people. 

83:4 Do they not think that they will be resurrected

83:5 on a great day,  

83:6 the day when people will stand before the Lord of the worlds?

The interrogation is for astonishment at the behavior of the defrauders. They act as if they will not be punished for consuming people’s rights unlawfully. 

The defrauders reach a great degree of indifference that they do not fear the reckoning and punishment in the Hereafter. They do not think that painful torment will befall them for consuming people’s rights unlawfully on the Day of Judgment when people will stand before Allah, the Lord of the worlds. Allah will call them to account for their cheat and recompense them justly. 

The Day of Judgment is described as a great day because of its grave horrors. Indeed, Allah is the Lord of the worlds. His wisdom and justice necessitate that the sinners must be punished for their sins. 

Confronting the evil practice of cheating in dealings in the Quran indicates that Islam is a comprehensive religion that seeks to tackle all life problems, whether religious or mundane matters. 

Learned Lessons from Surah al-Mutaffifin Ayah 1-6

• It is prohibited to consume people’s rights unlawfully whether by giving them less than their dues when selling to them or any other means. 

• Consuming people’s rights unlawfully deserves painful torment in the Hereafter.

• Consuming people’s rights unlawfully is a vice that makes people shun its perpetrator and avoid dealing with him.

• Those who consume people’s rights unlawfully are indifferent to the fact that they will be resurrected on the Day of Judgment for the reckoning. Their conduct indicates that they are not afraid of standing before Allah, the Lord of worlds, Who will recompense them for their sins. 

The Noble Quran, Surah al-Muttaffifin, English Translation

Towards Understanding the Quran, Surah al-Mutaffifin

Tafsir of Surah Ibrahim Ayah: 42-46 Warning to the Wrongdoers