This article mentions an English Translation and Tafsir of Surah Al-Isra, ayah 101 to ayah 104.
It speaks about the miracles that Allah, Exalted be He, gave His Prophet and Messenger Moses.
Arguments and conflicts between Messenger Moses and Pharaoh were extremely strong. Pharaoh wanted to preserve his kingdom and dominance in Egypt. He feared that Moses might compete with him in order to take over dominance in Egypt. On the other hand, Messenger Moses wanted to prove the truthfulness of his prophet-hood. Thus, Allah gave him miracles to support him.
(Indeed, We gave Moses nine clear miracles. Ask the Children of Israel when he came to them. Then Pharaoh said to him, ‘O Moses! I think you are indeed bewitched.’
He said, ‘Indeed, you know that no one has produced these miracles but the Lord of the heavens and the earth as clear proofs. O Pharaoh! I think you are indeed doomed.’
Then he wanted to drive them out of the land. Thus, We drowned him and all those with him.
Thereafter, We said to the Children of Israel, ‘Dwell in the land. When the appointed time of the Hereafter comes, We shall bring you all together.’) [Quran Surah al-Isra: 101-104]
Relationship with the Previous Part
It should be noted that the disbelievers asked Messenger Muhammad to bring them great miracles. Thus, Allah told him that He granted the Children of Israel great miracles like the miracles that they asked for, or even greater. If Allah knew that granting miracles to Messenger Muhammad would be beneficial, He would have done so, just as He granted miracles to Messenger Moses. However, Allah did not give Messenger Muhammad miracles because He knew that no benefit would be attained by granting these miracles.
Extraordinary miracles are not the main cause of belief in Allah. Rather, having responsive hearts that are willing to accept the truth is the undeniable important cause of belief. Allah mentions the story of Messenger Moses with Pharaoh. Allah said that He granted Messenger Moses great miracles testifying to his truthfulness. However, Pharaoh insisted on disbelief in Allah and rejecting the truth.
Tafsir
(Indeed, We gave Moses nine clear miracles. Ask the Children of Israel when he came to them. Then Pharaoh said to him, ‘O Moses! I think you are indeed bewitched.’) [101]
(Indeed, We gave Moses nine clear miracles.)
O Messenger! Do not think that denying and hateful hearts may believe in Allah. The proof is that We granted Messenger Moses nine clear miracles, proving his truthfulness. However, these miracles increased Pharaoh and his followers nothing but stubbornness and disbelief. So be patient with the negative reaction of your people, and their disbelief, just as the messengers before you were patient.
Mentioning nine clear proofs in the ayah, in particular, does not negate that Allah gave Messenger Moses other miracles.
Ibn Abbas, Mujahid, Ikrima, ash-Sha’by, and Qatãda said that the nine miracles referred to in the ayah are Moses’ hand turned white, his rod turned into a snake, the famine that befell Pharaoh and his people, shortage of crops, the flood, the locusts, the lice, the frogs, and the blood.
(Ask the Children of Israel when he came to them.)
O Messenger! Ask your contemporaries among the Children of Israel like Abdul-Allah bin Salam in order to be certain that these miracles are mentioned in the Torah.
Allah gave Moses many miracles because multiplicity of proofs makes them have a strong impact and more convincing.
(Then Pharaoh said to him, ‘O Moses! I think you are indeed bewitched.’)
When Messenger Moses asked Pharaoh to let the Children of Israel leave Egypt with him after he showed him the clear proofs testifying to his truthfulness, Pharaoh said, ‘O Moses! I think that you are indeed bewitched. Therefore, you say and claim unsound things.’
Pharaoh’s reaction represents the typical reaction of the tyrant throughout history. When they see that truth surrounds them, and their corruption is exposed, they accuse the advocates of the truth of every kind of defect.
(He said, ‘Indeed, you know that no one has produced these miracles but the Lord of the heavens and the earth as clear proofs. O Pharaoh! I think you are indeed doomed.’) [102]
Messenger Moses said to Pharaoh, ‘Indeed, you know that no one has produced these miracles but Allah, the Creator of the heavens and the earth. Allah has produced them as clear evidence so that people may be guided to the right path.’
This reply implies censure to Pharaoh as he disregarded the truth though he certainly knew that Moses was neither bewitched nor a magician and that Allah gave him the miracles.
(O Pharaoh! I think you are indeed doomed.)
This is another reprimand to Pharaoh. Messenger Moses said, ‘O Pharaoh! I believe that you are doomed as you insist on disbelieving in the Oneness of Allah, and rejecting the miracles, confirming my truthfulness.’
Then ayat narrate what Pharaoh wanted to do with Messenger Moses and the Children of Israel after being confronted with such decisive evidence.
(Then he wanted to drive them out of the land. Thus, We drowned him and all those with him. [103]
Thereafter, We said to the Children of Israel, ‘Dwell in the land. When the appointed time of the Hereafter comes, We shall bring you all together.’) [104]
Pharaoh wanted to drive Messenger Moses and the Children of Israel out of Egypt or destroy them. However, the result was contrary to his intention.
(Thus, We drowned him and all those with him.)
Allah made Pharaoh and his soldiers drown in the sea.
(Thereafter, We said to the Children of Israel, ‘Dwell in the land.)
Allah told the Children of Israel through Messenger Moses that they could dwell in Egypt.
The ayah gives good news to the oppressed believers at all times. It states that the rule of Allah is to destroy the oppressors and make the patient and oppressed believers take over their land and wealth.
Ibn Kathir said, ‘The ayah gave good news to the Messenger Muhammad that he would take over Mecca though surah al-Isra was revealed before his migration to al-Madinah. Indeed, Allah made Messenger Muhammad take over Mecca later. The disbelievers tried to drive Messenger Muhammad out of Mecca. (Indeed, they were about to harass you to drive you out of the land. Had they done so, they would have not stayed after you, but a little while. Such was Our way with the Messengers We sent before you. You will find no change in Our way.) [Q 17:76- 77] Therefore, Allah made Messenger Muhammad take over Mecca, and triumph over the disbelievers, just as He made the Children of Israel take over Egypt and inherit the wealth of Pharaoh and his people.’
(When the appointed time of the Hereafter comes, We shall bring you all together.)
When the time that Allah appointed for the occurrence of the Day of Judgment comes, Allah will bring people back to life, and gather them all for reckoning.
Learned Lessons Surah Al-Isra Ayah 101-104
• Allah granted Messenger Moses miracles, testifying to his truthfulness.
• Pharaoh insisted on disbelief. He tried to use his power and authority to expel Messenger Moses and the Children of Israel from Egypt. However, Allah drowned him and his soldiers in the sea.
• It is obligatory to seek protection from Allah when confronting the tyrant.
• Allah will bring people to life and gather them all on the Day of Judgment for reckoning.
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